A narrativerave of Brave New World by Aldous Huxley essays

A narrativerave of Brave New World by Aldous Huxley papers The epic Brave New World by Aldous Huxley is a story of the new world request of things to come human culture. The future, as per the novel, is a great human culture wherein live birth, pregnancy, and human presentation of feelings are viewed as no-no, while compulsiveness and logic without any feelings is the social perfect of a person. Exciting modern lifestyle considers the state of human culture if the regular gets offbeat, and the other way around. Take for instance the procedure of master creation among people. Live birth is not, at this point the standard, and fake birth is the favored technique in the general public. In the procedure of fake origination and birth, individuals are distinguished into different gatherings, wherein groupings are resolved by the person's insight, aptitudes, and abilities. Individuals created from live what's more, counterfeit births are additionally ordered: the individuals who were brought into the world through fake methods are viewed as a feature of the general public, while the individuals who were brought into the world through live birth are victimized. The procedure of counterfeit births to create quality people that have prevalent abilities, gifts, and knowledge can be compared to the current technique for sequential construction systems generally applied by assembling organizations. The mechanical production system idea is like Huxley's concept of isolation of people through counterfeit origination and birth, since both forms (mechanical production system and counterfeit births) mean to create quality items by relegating individuals to control and investigate the procedure each venture of the way. Nonetheless, to look at the procedures of origination and birth in Huxley's tale to the idea of sequential construction system is excessively shortsighted and not relevant by any stretch of the imagination, since people are not items that are made' all together to accomplish flawlessness. People are made principally with the end goal of master creationthat is, sustain human culture... <!

Men vs women

Men versus.. Ladies Along the only remaining hundreds of years ladies have battled to be treated as equivalents to men. They have attempted to have similar chances, similar rights and to satisfy similar jobs. The fight between genders appears to have finished a few decades prior. Accordingly, in current occasions the lives of ladies and men are comparative as respects obligations and benefits. However, being brought into the world a lady I have consistently felt that the sole certainty of taking care of business could make my life simpler in various perspectives. To begin with, men develop old with more pride than women.Wrinkles, silver hairs and lager tummies are indications of maturing which men acknowledge and which look well on them while ladies, then again, will make everything conceivable to look more youthful since magnificence, for the majority of them, is identified with youth. For this, they will starve without fail to look slimmer; they will utilize any sort of cream that guarantees successful outcomes and they will even experience excruciating medical procedures to change their appearance. What ‘s more, to look great ladies need additional time than men. Picking the ideal outfit, wearing a characteristic make-up, hacking out their entire bodies and doing their hair requires a great deal of exertion and preparation.Men just need to snatch any perfect shirt within reach, shave and wear a pleasant aroma and they are all set out. In any case, the most significant bit of leeway of taking care of business, as respects physical contrasts, is none of the ones referenced as yet. Men needn't bother with a latrine when they want to pass water; any shrubbery, tree or corner is sufficient for them to do as such. At any second, they may mitigate themselves in the street while voyaging, In the road or at wherever they feel like. For ladies It Is not all that ass. Ladies need toilets. The fundamental issue Is that. At open spots. Staterooms are in every case full and don't as a rule have bathroom tissue or clean seat covers. Other than this, men have more opportunity than ladies. They don't for the most part deal with the youngsters or change their timetables since one of them has a high temperature. They don't stress over their suppers, schoolwork or every day exercises since they have a spouse that does as such. They simply go out with their couples or companions having their psyches in harmony since another person has dealt with everything before they went out. Also, they don't require organization to go to a bar to have a beverage or to some other social event.It is extremely normal to see men alone getting a charge out of to be without anyone else. Interestingly, in spite of the fact that ladies mingle more than men since they are progressively chatty and open to meet new individuals, they by and large don't go out alone to unwind or have some good times. They attempt to design a social gathering with companions at whatever point t heir babysitters are accessible to watch out for their kids. Another purpose behind ladies to go out In bunches Is that there Is an Implicit information among our general public that ladies alone In get-togethers are appreciating the second as well as searching for something different, for instance men.Socially, men have been profited over ladies. At long last, much has been said about ladies s and men's knowledge. Men have basic mentalities and utilize better reasoning techniques. One away from of this is they have caused ladies to accept they are pointless in tasks identified with the house. However, it isn't correct that men can't do the cleaning or the clothing similarly ladies do. Truth, do things wrongly deliberately to abstain from offering assistance again later on. Additionally, they can just deal with one errand at a time.So while they lay the table, with a fortunate turn of events, a lady is cooking with the four hobs turned on with a bubbling pot on every one of them and simultaneously viewing a TV appear and noting her kids s requests. For men being â€Å"useless† closes being an advantage. Another point to consider as respects people's insight is that the first for the most part talk utilizing short sentences to arrive at the point and maintain a strategic distance from subtleties. This has been end up being an extremely viable strategy in numerous fields, concerning giving directions, clarifying one's thoughts or admonish the children.Women rather need the twofold of words to communicate the equivalent and end being censured or chuckle at. To summarize, life would be a lot simpler in the event that I were a man. I would not need to buckle down each day to look delightful, I would have a lot of extra time to do whatever I like and I would not muddle my life attempting to clarify thoughts that could never be comprehended. This may not sound well to the ears of women's activists however men are as yet getting a charge out of the advantages o f their sex and they will continue doing as such for a long time to come.

What Not to Write in Your SOP

What Not to Write in Your SOP Its always a daunting task: writing your statement of purpose. You sit down at the computer, staring at the blank screen, wondering what you can possibly say to make the admissions committee realize that they must choose you. Nervous and riddled with anxiety, you begin to type, focusing on what you know best: how youve always wanted to attend this school (because its the very best) and how everyone tells you that you would be perfect there. Youre off to a good start, right? Maybe not.As an academic editor, Ive seen hundreds of admissions essays but only a handful of unique approaches. When youre among a pool of applicants, you must do everything that you can to stand out from the crowd. Not creative, you say? Dont despair. By avoiding a few common pitfalls, youll already be ahead of the pack. Many application essays suffer from the same common mistakes, but you can avoid them with these tips. Here are the top 4 statements to avoid in your SOP:1. Ive always wanted to be a ______.The u niversal adage of show, dont tell most definitely applies here. Think back to when you first learned about your career of choice. What did the moment feel like? How did you know that this was something you wanted to pursue? Create a picture in the readers mind to illustrate your enthusiasm for the profession, rather than just telling them that its something youve always wanted. Why do you want to pursue this goal? If you can effectively articulate why this profession appeals to you, youll come across as a serious candidate with a clear goal in mind.2. I really wanted to go somewhere else, but for now, Im applying to your school.You never want to seem desperate to be accepted, and you dont want to sound like this is your second choice (even if it is!). Maybe you had a change in career plans, but explain your current goals and emphasize your readiness to attend the program. Focus on your strengths and the positive attributes that you bring to academic settings in general. You might ha ve future goals that are unrelated or that extend beyond this program, but the purpose of the essay is to explain why you would be an asset to this school in particular. You definitely dont want to sound like youre using the program as a stepping stone to get somewhere else.3. Your school is the best in the world!They already know that theyre the bestâ€"thats why youre at their mercy, pleading for acceptance. Be more specific about why you have chosen this particular program. Its not enough to say that they have the best professors, coolest classes, etc. Is there one person whose work mirrors your own or who has inspired you? These types of details will make all the difference because they show what motivates you to attend. A motivated student is more likely to work hard because they have a passion for the subject. Not every school is right for every person. Focus on showing that you have made an informed choice about where you want to attend.4. Look at my gradesâ€"how could you not accept me?Your statement of purpose is only one part of your application, along with your transcript, resume, and, in some cases, references. The SOP should be personal. It gives you a chance to reveal the story behind the application, to discuss the moments in your life that led you to the present path. Dont waste time by reiterating details that can be found somewhere else in your application. Unless youre describing how you felt during a particular accomplishment (for example, when you won a prestigious award), leave it out. You dont need to include everything that youve done in the past few years. Make it relevant to what youre doing today and, more importantly, to what you hope to be doing in the future.So now that you know what not to write, how do you decide what you should write? Its easier than it sounds. Start by making a list of your greatest achievements. How did each of these accomplishments make you feel? Think back to when you first began on this career path and desc ribe your journey. List your best attributes, and remember times when you showcased these abilities. For instance, if youre very organized, describe a situation where being organized came in handy.Dont tell too much or too little. They dont need to know your whole life story, but they do need to know what makes you the person you are today and how these qualities will help you to achieve success at their school. Keep the tone formal, but dont be afraid to put your own spin on things.Remember that youre not alone. Use these tips as a guide to start your essay, but dont be afraid to make mistakes. Just concentrate on getting all of your thoughts down on paperâ€"then the right editor can help you to make sense of these ideas and shape them into a winning SOP.Even when youre given a specific question as a guideline for your essay, that doesnt mean that you cant be creative. When I applied to college, the admissions committee asked, What is your biggest obstacle? While Im sure that many applicants chose traditional answers, perhaps describing financial and family challenges, I looked deeper and came up with an innovative response: myself. At the time, I realized that the biggest obstacle to my inner critic. With this creative response, I was not only accepted into my first-choice school but was also awarded a scholarship. By thinking outside of the box and following these simple tips, you can silence your own inner critic and achieve the same success.

Financial Crisis Essay - 6766 Words

Introduction â€Å"We are having the single worst recovery the U.S. has had since the Great Depression. I dont care how you measure it. The East Coast knows it. The West Coast knows it. North, South, old, young, everyone knows its the worst recovery since the Great Depression† (Arthur Laffer) I felt this was an apt way to begin my report and analysis on the credit crisis and aspects which can help the world to recover. Although the quote discusses the US I feel this can be applied worldwide. I will discuss in detail what I feel should be implemented to fight the extent and period of recession and austerity which we are operating in. The areas which I will focus on for this analysis will be on the regulation of the financial markets and how†¦show more content†¦I feel the US would never default as it would create a crisis far greater than the great depression and the most recent â€Å"Great Recession†. The ultimate objective for new regulation and trading infrastructure improvements will be to reduce the potential for systemic risk should another major CDS dealer fail, and to improve transparency in the market to facilitate exposure reporting and pricing. What effect such regulation will have on the CDS market remains difficult to gauge. Returning to the debate on the regulation of the default swaps, I feel the planned regulation that the companies who must act as insurance to participate in the regulation market is not severe enough to help the global economy recover. I feel that as history will eventually repeat itself we must try to update the regulation and observation of these new credit products. Personally I feel that the proposed acts to review all trades both public and private is too complicated and flawed to be put into effect along with it also being an invasion of a person’s privacy. I feel that if I were the head of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) I would propose the opening of a branch whose would specialise solely in Credit Default Swaps with the final say for the market being with this office. I feel that if this were to be implemented in each continent with regular contact with the head authority this would lead to a much tighter and clearerShow MoreRelated The Structure of a Financial Crisis Essay4624 Words   |  19 PagesStructure of a Financial Crisis INTRODUCTION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The year 2001 had been unlucky for Turkey. Apart from the crisis in 1994 and November 2000, the country had to face another financial crisis, causing problems in the management of its economy. Why does a country delve deep into financial crisis? What are the possible immediate triggers for both the current and potential new crises? What precautions should be taken for the key issues like the fragility of the financial and banking systemRead MoreFinancial Crisis Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pagesperiods of economic turmoil in the past several decades; the 1979 energy crisis, the Savings and Loans crisis of 1982, the â€Å"Black Monday† global stock market crashes of 1987, the Dotcom bubble of 2000-2, the recession of 2002-3, the housing bubble and subsequent crisis of 2006-2008. It is from many of these crises that we can observe a pattern; many periods of economic downturn could have been prevented had common sense financial policies been enacted prior to these red periods. A prime example ofRead MoreThe 2008 Financial Crisis Essay2289 Words   |  10 Pagestremendous financial crisis which rooted from the U.S housing market; moreover, it is considered by many economists as one of the worst recession since the Great Depression in 1930s. After posing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It brought governments down, ruined economies, crumble financial corporations and impoverish individual lives. For example, the financial crisis has resulted in the collapse of massive financial institutionsRead MoreWere Business School to Blame for the Financial Crisis? Essays1286 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Were business school to blame for the financial crisis? †¢ What should business school do to help prevent similar crisis in the future? All over the world, global financial crisis is considered as one of the worst economic recessions, which has affected other countries in several parts of the world. Many people claim that business school is nurturing their students with less regard for the social responsibility and sustainability of a business success than there should be. The argument concerningRead MoreThe Current Financial Crisis Essay869 Words   |  4 PagesFrederic Mishkin makes the point in the text, The Economics of Money Banking, and Financial Markets (2010) that â€Å"Banks and other financial institutions are what make financial markets work. Without them, financial markets would not be able to move funds from people who save to people who have productive investment opportunities.† (p.7). The movement of funds between savers and those with productive investment opportunities is the means of creating growth. When people lose confidence in the economyRead MoreGlobal Financial Crisis Essay858 Words   |  4 Pages(subprime mortgage defaults) in the United States (U.S.), then ballooned damaging crisis of the banking system not only in the United States but extends into Europe and into Asia. Successive cause a domino effect on the solvency and liquidity of financial institutions in these countries, among others, led to the bankruptcy of hundreds of banks, securities firms, mutual funds, pension funds and insurance. The crisis then spread to parts of Asia, especially countries such as Japan, Korea, China, SingaporeRead More Asian Financial Crisis Essay2964 Words   |  12 Pages In the summer of 1997, an economic and currency crisis rocked the Asian markets. One by one, Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Indonesia, Korea and Japan saw their economies crash in the wake of heavy foreign investment. An economic boom had made the region an attractive investment opportunity for much of the 1990s. By 1997, however, domestic production and development had stalled, and foreign investors grew nervous. A divestment run on the Thai baht triggered the crash. Large corporationsRead More The Global Financial Crisis Essay3569 Words   |  15 Pages1. Introduction 1.1. Background The Financial crisis was triggered in 2006 when US housing market began to crumble as the housing price reached their highest point after years of speculative price increase; many house owners defaulted on their loans, particularly subprime mortgagers (Archarya et al., 2009). Starting in mid-2007, the outburst of US housing bubble in the subprime mortgage leads to the global financial crisis that has been often so called ‘Great Recession’ (Verick and Islam, 2010)Read MoreImpact of Financial Crisis on Gulf Area Essay1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe global financial crisis that was experienced in 2007/2008 affected many nations of the world. Some countries such as America and most European countries were hard hit since they were directly affected by the crisis. Other countries especially those in Asia and Africa were not adversely affected as they were not directly hit by the crisis. This crisis started in the United States after the housing bubble busted. Although the burst ing of the housing bubble was the main cause of the crisis, there wereRead MoreFinancial Crisis Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestors propagated the financial crises. Institutional investors, which is both, individual or companies do enjoy the benefits of reduced commission preferential regulations. This is due to their large and professional investments. Institutional investors like the mutual funds, pension funds, hedge funds like Magnetar Capital, and Life insurance companies like the AIG and investments trusts contributed to the global financial crises of 2007-2008. This financial crisis also referred to as the great

Marketing plan for shoes company -New Balance - 7828 Words

1. Introduction Founded by William Riley in 1906 as the New Balance Arch Company, in Belmont, MA, New Balance manufactured arch supports and orthopedic shoes. During the fifties and sixties, athletes turned to the company for customized running shoes due to New Balances unique expertise in handcrafting specialized footwear. Paul Kidd bought the company in 1956 and increased the shoe-making sector as demand grew. Production of running shoes soon became the companys primary source of business. The New Balance Trackster, one of the first running shoes made, grew very popular not only because of its technical innovation, but because it was available in a wide range of widths. In 1972, New Balance was purchased by current Chairman and†¦show more content†¦The Government places a high priority on consultation with business and the community, to ensure that the trade policy objectives developed by the Government sufficiently reflect the views, concerns and ambitions of the Australian public. The Australian Government provides services to Australian business to access overseas markets. This can be highlighted through the multilateral, bilateral and regional trade policies adopted by the Government. Australia, through the World Trade Organization (WTO) (http://www.dfat.gov.au./trade/negotiations) negotiates trade agreements which provide the legal ground-rules for international trade. As a result, since the political arena in Australia is stable, there seems to be great prospect for trade in Australia. In Australia, the TCFL industry (textile, clothing, footwear and leather) is a major component of the trade industry. Consequently, the TCFL industry i s influenced by Government and economic policies such as interest rates, budgetary control, trade agreements etc.. The Australian Government, in an attempt to encourage trade in the footwear as well as in the clothing sector, decided to freeze the Footwear and Clothing tariffs from July 1, 2000 levels until January 1, 2005 ( refer to Table 1) (http://www.tcfoz.com.au). Sub-Sector 2000 - 2005 After 2005 Clothing finished textiles 25 %Show MoreRelatedIdentifying the Business Requirements: New Balance Shoes1167 Words   |  5 PagesIdentifying the Business Requirements New Balance had a problem. Nike owned the lion’s share of the athletic shoe market and no one could touch them. New Balance was also behind Adidas and Reebok, but something happened in the last two years that changed everything. Nike also had a problem. They had gotten so big that customer relations became a low priority. Nike controlled the market and dictated supply and demand to even their biggest customers. Consumer input was ignored and requestsRead MoreNike s Responsibilities And Responsibilities1609 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s society the public plays a major part in any business because in order for a business to be sustained there must be clients/customers that are contributing to the business. It’s vital that companies build their missions around focusing on the needs and demands of the customers. Nike is a company that is continually evolving with the people and society. Nike engages in public policy advocacy on a range of issues affecting their business, the industry and other areas of concern. They use theirRead MoreA Business Plan For Nouveau Riche1694 Words   |  7 PagesKenneth Guyette ACC 557 – Financial Accounting Abstract The paper presents a business plan for Nouveau riche. Nouveau riche Boutiqueis a fashion retail store located in Charleston, SC. It is a sole proprietorship and is managed by the owner. It sells fashionable clothing, shoes, purses and accessories. The business plan will also presents the projected sales analysis, projected profit and loss, and projected balance sheet in the next five years. Also, the two accounting principles is being discussedRead MoreStrategic Analysis Nike1619 Words   |  7 Pagesname of Blue Ribbon Sports, the strategy was â€Å"to distribute low-cost, high-quality Japanese athletic shoes to American consumers in an attempt to break Germany’s domination of the domestic industry.† Today Nike offers athletic shoes at every marketable price point to a global market. Nike sustains its leading position through emphasizing quality products, constant innovation, and aggressive marketing. Nike sells its products in more than 180 countries under not only its namesake brand but brands suchRead MorePrince Sports Case Study1040 Words   |  5 Pagescompetitive world and firm marketing regulatory mainly have an effect on the work of most of marketing companies or marketing and brand image divisions of the companies. In order to put into practice a winning marketing plan or a boost in sales and customer awareness companies have to stay in pace with the new marketing environment and take into thought every likely detail that might help out or ruin the image of a company or product. This case study will examine the marketing principle and vision inRead MoreAn Extended Period Of Time Shoes1717 Words   |  7 PagesFor an extended period of time shoes have been an integral part of the modern consumer’s life. According to the vast majority of fashionably inclined individuals, shoes can either make or break a person’s entire appearance, which explains why people invest their hard earned coins into comfortable abodes for their feet. Particularly, the annual budget consumers spend on shoes in the United States is $20 billion dollars, and $6.46 billion dollars stem from running shoes alone. This is what initiallyRead MorePricing Strategies : Wal Mart Become The World s Largest Retail Chain1069 Words   |  5 PagesOr why is Apple the most valuable technology company even with high priced products? First companies have to understand their market and strategies according to its demand and income level, regardless of whether they intend to offer their products at a low-price or high price. What do you think of when you hear the words â€Å"Pricing Strategy†? One of the four major elements of the marketing mix is pricing. A pricing strategy refers to the method companies used to price their products or services. Read MoreSwot Analysis Of Ecco As A Shoe Company Founded By Karl Toosbuy1462 Words   |  6 PagesHien Quang Introduction ECCO is a shoe company founded by Karl Toosbuy in Bredebro, Denmark in 1963. ECCO aims to produce the world’s most comfortable and modern footwear for work and leisure. The ECCO group produces many types of shoes including casual and outdoors for men, ladies, and children, as well as semi-sport shoes, for two different seasons – spring/summer and autumn/winter. ECCO has a production facilities in Portugal, Indonesia, Thailand and Slovakia. Mikael Thinghuus, the chief operationsRead MoreReebok Marketing Plan11312 Words   |  46 PagesDani Dylan By The Breezers: Mannan Wu Abbey Barnes Chase Carraro Mohammed Baamer Deborah Dani Dylan Final Marketing Plan | Professor Quinlan-Wilder November 16, 2011 Marketing 2800 Professor Quinlan-Wilder November 16, 2011 Marketing 2800 | | Executive Summary Reebok prides itself on creating products to enhance athletic ability. Upon formation of the company, Reebok has been dedicated to making athletes faster. Since then, Reebok has evolved into the world’s second largestRead MoreNike Paper3923 Words   |  16 PagesRunning Head: Nike, Inc. Marketing Plan Marketing Plan for Nike, Inc. â€Å"Just Do It† ShaRhonda Clark Walsh College MKT 307, Spring Semester 2010 Professor Haener May 31, 2010 Table of Contents Photo of Michael Jordan4 Marketing Plan for Nike, Inc. â€Å"Just Do It†5 Nike Organizational Development†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 People†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Culture Systems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦

Legalising Prostitution Debate, communication model and evaluation Free Essays

Section 1: Group Discussion This section contains what was discussed during group discussion session. The general area of prejudice chosen for discussion was prostitution. Dubbed the oldest profession, there was unanimous observation among group members that prostitution is still loathed in the society, and commercial sex workers, mostly women, are still treated with contempt within our society. We will write a custom essay sample on Legalising Prostitution: Debate, communication model and evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The common notion about prostitution is that whilst men are often ‘buyers’ of sex service from prostituting women, the latter are victims of exploitation. The term exploitation is used because women who engage in prostitution are seen to be compelled to engage in commercial sexual activities against their will. Whilst the common fact is that women who engage in prostitution see it as a source of income, and participate in it with their full consent without coercion, we observed that it is quite difficult to convince a person whose belief is entrenched in the moral dimension of commercial sex work that it is a normal activity. The prejudice against women is also entrenched by the belief that women who engage in this trade are of lesser social standing, even though this is always not the case. The other common belief is that while women prostitutes are looked down upon, men do not suffer any form of prejudice. In other words, men are often seen as the exploiters of sex workers, and hence do not enjoy any fair share of prejudice. On the other hand, both men and women engaging in prostitution are seen as morally repugnant, hence the common prejudice that come with it. The debate to legalise prostitution or not has been in the public domain for quite some time now. But it is the increased attention that it has received in the recent past that has invoked a lot of passionate debate in many legal jurisdictions as regards whether to legalise it or not. We may be all aware that one of the reasons why same-sex marriage has gained much currency today is because it is no longer viewed as socially unacceptable to the extent that it is not legal to hold gay couples in contempt in many countries. In recent past, it was not difficult to meet some strong views against marijuana user; with some even believing that the latter were losers who should be kept at the periphery of the society. However, criticism over marijuana use has waned in the recent past because of the recent revelation that it could be used to treat cancer. In addition, marijuana has also been used for pain relief for some time. This recent development has meant opposition to campaigns to keep marijuana illegal is at an all-time low. However, the same cannot be said about prostitution. The stigma associated with the sex trade remains strong, with women and men engaging in it seen as socially ambiguous individuals without moral standing in society. This kind of idea can promote dangerous conducts towards prostitutes. The fact that prostitutes are not regarded highly puts them at more risks to abuse including rape and murder. In addition, prostitutes are more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases, further endangering their lives. Decriminalising prostitution will not only protect women but will also improve their safety and their rights, because however much it is made illegal, the oldest profession is not likely to go away anytime. Section 2: Commentary and Rationale This section will cover commentary on the topic and discuss it based on the chosen model of communication, the heuristic-systematic model. The debate on whether to legalise prostitution or not has intensified in the recent past, with voices advocating for the latter increasing in number every day. It’s no doubt that the stigma associated with prostitution is real, and remains strong amidst the growing knowledge that it will not stop any time soon. This is despite the rising evidence that decriminalising the trade has some significant health benefits. Research by two economists, Scott Cunningham and Manisha Shah (cited in Albarracin, et al., 2005, p. 78), looked at the situation in Rhodes Island when prostitution was accidentally decriminalised and found that cases of gonorrhoea had drastically reduced, as rape incidences. . Shannon et al. (2004, cited in Griffin, 2006, p.139) also confirmed this result when they conducted a study in Vancouver, British Colombia, and found out that decriminalising of prostitution can significantly reduce HIV prevalence by minimising its spread. Despite all the evidence showing the benefits of legalising prostitution, the benefits have not attracted the attention of the legislators. . In addition, many have argued that idea of legalising prostitution is unattractive to voters and therefore to politicians. There is need to focus on presenting arguments that provide options to the intended audience on the need to legalise abortion, and that is where the model for persuasive communication will be necessary in the subsequent section of this paper. The Heuristic-Systematic Model of Social Information Processing The concept of persuasion is an important aspect to not only convincing the people to accept an idea but also to drive changes of mind towards the accomplishment of the idea. The Heuristic-Systematic Model (Chaiken Trope, 1999) recognises that people either use heuristics and short-cuts to decide on important issues, or use a systematic mechanism that processes the merits and demerits of an argument. The Heuristic approach suggests that the decision-maker asks questions such as of ‘how do I feel about this issue?’ despite the recognition that such questions can cause problems of understanding and choice, particularly when the person facing the decision dilemma mixes up the cause and the effect of their emotions. In other words, the Heuristic-Systematic Model recognises that in any argument there are a number of variables that are conceptually independent of the message quality and which are likely to influence people to act or agree with the proposed idea. Dillard Pfau (2002) state that that these variables are able to qualitatively differentiate information processing, and give people more room to negotiate with their thinking process. It is important to recognise that people rarely process information in perfect conditions, because there are often environmental and cognitive constraints that tend to either limit the broadness of reasoning or curtail information processing. In this line of thought, people tend to process information economically; investing only in cognitive efforts when they feel motivated enough with a number of cognitive resources. In the prostitution decriminalisation debate, this can be said to affect that the way people reason, that is, arguments are likely to be based on strong environmental and cognitive influences entrenched by history, personal interest or fear, religious and cultural convictions. For instance, some arguments have emerged that prostitution should remain illegal because legalising it will mean women of loose morals will increasingly tempt men of good morals to increasingly betray their families. This kind of argument tends to make out that women who engage in prostitution a re the villains. The other belief is that women who engage in prostitution should be protected from being hurt against: sexually transmitted diseases, unruly pimps, and exploitation. The other argument would only be based on religion and historical cultural practices that prohibits prostitution as a trade. The three lines of arguments are motivated by different lines of thought, which can fall in either heuristic or systematic message processing mechanism. Ironically, the arguments against prostitution which include the view that women of loose morals prey upon upstanding men of good morals and lead them to betray their families has been accepted in some countries such as Sweden, which in 1999, criminalised the buying of sex but allowed individuals to continue selling it (Dillard Pfau, 2002). Many proponents of this legislation argued that violence against prostituting in women is inherent, and that the best way was to reduce prostitution prevalence by limiting activities of the potential buyers. On the other hand, the State of Nevada, United States legalised prostitution to protect women from exploitation and abuse (Taleb, 2012). The Heuristic- Systematic model posits that people generally process persuasive information systematically only when they are fully motivated. When one is in a systematic mode, they tend to take into consideration all relevant pieces of information, elaborately analyse the information, and make a judgment based on the elaborated issues. However, whenever people are not adequately motivated or do not possess sufficient cognitive resources, they often resort to processing of information heuristically or superficially. People in a heuristic mode of thinking consider only a few or a single informational cue and come up a judgment based on the cues. Whilst decriminalising or legalising prostitution has attracted massive debate, its inability to pass the legislative hurdle or even attract attention of the political class has been overbearing for its proponents. In other words, legalising of sex trade has not been high amongst the priorities of many legislative agendas for many countries, including United Kingdom and United States (Taleb, 2012). The reason why the Heuristic- Systematic model can work towards pushing for the legalisation of prostitution is because of its dualism nature, which allows the message to reach different classes of people. The goal here is to get support for legislation that would see prostitution decriminalised, and protect the parties involved. . Expert advice backed by research findings are powerful tool to convince legislators, who may not take their time to scrutinise the quality of persuasive arguments, and mostly prefer quick fixes in making decisions. Packaging a message heuristically can allow the legislators to pick the cue, and avoid the difficult process of differentiating a strong and a weak message (Griffin, 2006). Reimer, et al (2004, p.81) observe that â€Å"people who expect to discuss a persuasion message later are more affected by the number of persuasive arguments but are never affected by the attractiveness of the communicator.† It is presumed that the importance of the message easily induce systematic processing of the message. By contrast, people who do not expect to discuss the message are often affected by how attractive the communicator is, and not affected by the number of persuasive arguments (Reimer, et al, 2004). Studies have proven that motivational variables affect the mode in which people process persuasive arguments. These variables include personal relevance of the message, importance of the task, attitude accountability and exposure to a person’s attitude (Chaiken Trope, 1999). On the other hand, there are cognitive resource variables that affect the mode of message processing, which includes distraction, repetition of the message, creating time pressure, and modality of communication, knowledge and expertise (Griffin, 2006). Although it is important to recognise these modes of communicating the message in terms of communicating the value of legalising prostitution, it should not appear as though there is any form of dissociation of the variables at the early stage of the group means (Griffin, 2006). Similarly, heuristically communicating the message should be able to have direct effects on the attitudes of the target group. In this aspect, when the people agree in a consensus t hat prostitution should be legalised, then it can be considered correct and valid for acceptance. An important factor which should be covered by any dual-process model is how the two processes interact or work together. Although one may argue that the two processes, heuristic and systematic are mutually exclusive or are competing concepts, in this case of legalising prostitution they should work together. The Heuristic-Systematic model posits that the two processes, heuristic and systematic, are indeed working simultaneously. Evidence of how these two processes can work is when arguments pitting two judgmental implications of both of them. For instance, an expert source delivering a message consisting of weak arguments can present a scenario where both systematic and heuristic processing of messages is done under different levels of motivation. It is also important to note that the heuristic-systematic model attenuates that wherever the two processes opposes each other, the implica tions the comes from systematic processing can â€Å"easily attenuate the impact of heuristic given that people are sufficiently motivated.† For example, Griffin, (2006).found out those highly motivated participants who were presented with consensus cue information that is inconsistent with the attributes singularly based their judgments on their own cognitive prowess in relation to the product attributes. This concept is applicable in the case of prostitution legalisation debate, in the sense that legislators can use their own cues and decide on the legislative agendas that will legalise commercial sex work. Section 3: Evaluation Proposal Evaluating heuristic- systematic model effectiveness is an important part of this model’s success towards ensuring the message to legalise prostitution is effectively passed. Effective communications needs evaluation, which helps to identify the impact of the efforts made in passing the message to the target audience. To effectively monitor the communication model, various tools shall be used in the process. Public opinion evaluation: Getting the opinions of the public as far as legalising prostitution is concerned is an important point to start from. Public opinion monitoring tool will be used to ask the public if they heard about the campaign to legalise prostitution from opinion leaders including legislators and non-governmental organisations. In addition, the questions will be directed to ask the public whether they agree with the manner in which legislators in support of the prostitution presented their messages or agreed with them in the context and reasons given by the leaders. For example, questions such as: Whose arguments made sense in the call to legalise prostitutionAnd whyThe questionnaire trackers will be recorded in terms of age, gender, work status, tenacity. The methodology to be used will remain consistent over time to allow for the tracking of metrics over time for comparison purposes. Evaluating media Evaluating the media response on how effective the proposed model will work, the formal process for evaluating the impact of the campaign in the media is to analyse whether it can be replicated and made part of regular campaign mechanism. Media Coverage Before Campaign (airtime/space) Coverage After Campaign (airtime/ space) % Increase in Coverage BBC National News BBC London ITV National News London Tonight Evening Standard Metro Radio 4 Times The table above will provide a guideline on how the media coverage has increased/ or decreased due to the campaign. This will be able to help bring depth to the understanding of our campaign, and if the media (both mainstream and tabloids) respond to increased debate. By monitoring how the media has changed the amount of airtime/ or newspaper coverage space in covering the legislative debates, it is possible to analyse the outcome of the campaign in ensuring the legislators continually discuss the possibility of decriminalising or legalising prostitution. The media monitoring will be conducted by assistants on everyday basis, and compiled in a weekly report for tracking if there is any change in trends. Each article or piece of broadcast coverage will be allocated points based on the following criteria: Positivity/negativity of the message (in favour of legalising prostitution): analysing the articles, opinions, newspaper columns and news coverage. Positivity/ negativity of the headlines: positive mentions of the campaign groups, legislators; and Neutrality of opinions reported Finally, a range of stories will be typically evaluated and compiled on a daily basis, and tabulated on a weekly basis. Classification of stories will ensure the campaign program can be understood in the manner in which the media responds to the legislative debates, which is likely to translate into public debate as well. References Albarracin, D., Johnson, B. T., Zanna, M. P. (2005). The handbook of attitudes. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers Chaiken, S., Trope, Y. (1999). Dual-process theories in social psychology. New York: Guilford Press. Dillard, J.P. Pfau, M. (2002). The persuasion Handbook: Developments in Theory and Practice. NY: Sage Publications. Griffin, E. A. (2006). A first look at communication theory (6th ed.). Boston, MA; McGraw Hill. Reimer, T., Mata, R Stoecklin, M. (2004). The use of Heuristics in Persuasion: Deriving Cues on Source Expertise from Argument Quality. In Current Research in Social Psychology, 10(6), 69-83. Taleb, N. (2012). Antifragile: Things That Gain from Disorder. New York: Random House. How to cite Legalising Prostitution: Debate, communication model and evaluation, Essay examples

Legalising Prostitution Debate, communication model and evaluation Free Essays

Section 1: Group Discussion This section contains what was discussed during group discussion session. The general area of prejudice chosen for discussion was prostitution. Dubbed the oldest profession, there was unanimous observation among group members that prostitution is still loathed in the society, and commercial sex workers, mostly women, are still treated with contempt within our society. We will write a custom essay sample on Legalising Prostitution: Debate, communication model and evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The common notion about prostitution is that whilst men are often ‘buyers’ of sex service from prostituting women, the latter are victims of exploitation. The term exploitation is used because women who engage in prostitution are seen to be compelled to engage in commercial sexual activities against their will. Whilst the common fact is that women who engage in prostitution see it as a source of income, and participate in it with their full consent without coercion, we observed that it is quite difficult to convince a person whose belief is entrenched in the moral dimension of commercial sex work that it is a normal activity. The prejudice against women is also entrenched by the belief that women who engage in this trade are of lesser social standing, even though this is always not the case. The other common belief is that while women prostitutes are looked down upon, men do not suffer any form of prejudice. In other words, men are often seen as the exploiters of sex workers, and hence do not enjoy any fair share of prejudice. On the other hand, both men and women engaging in prostitution are seen as morally repugnant, hence the common prejudice that come with it. The debate to legalise prostitution or not has been in the public domain for quite some time now. But it is the increased attention that it has received in the recent past that has invoked a lot of passionate debate in many legal jurisdictions as regards whether to legalise it or not. We may be all aware that one of the reasons why same-sex marriage has gained much currency today is because it is no longer viewed as socially unacceptable to the extent that it is not legal to hold gay couples in contempt in many countries. In recent past, it was not difficult to meet some strong views against marijuana user; with some even believing that the latter were losers who should be kept at the periphery of the society. However, criticism over marijuana use has waned in the recent past because of the recent revelation that it could be used to treat cancer. In addition, marijuana has also been used for pain relief for some time. This recent development has meant opposition to campaigns to keep marijuana illegal is at an all-time low. However, the same cannot be said about prostitution. The stigma associated with the sex trade remains strong, with women and men engaging in it seen as socially ambiguous individuals without moral standing in society. This kind of idea can promote dangerous conducts towards prostitutes. The fact that prostitutes are not regarded highly puts them at more risks to abuse including rape and murder. In addition, prostitutes are more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases, further endangering their lives. Decriminalising prostitution will not only protect women but will also improve their safety and their rights, because however much it is made illegal, the oldest profession is not likely to go away anytime. Section 2: Commentary and Rationale This section will cover commentary on the topic and discuss it based on the chosen model of communication, the heuristic-systematic model. The debate on whether to legalise prostitution or not has intensified in the recent past, with voices advocating for the latter increasing in number every day. It’s no doubt that the stigma associated with prostitution is real, and remains strong amidst the growing knowledge that it will not stop any time soon. This is despite the rising evidence that decriminalising the trade has some significant health benefits. Research by two economists, Scott Cunningham and Manisha Shah (cited in Albarracin, et al., 2005, p. 78), looked at the situation in Rhodes Island when prostitution was accidentally decriminalised and found that cases of gonorrhoea had drastically reduced, as rape incidences. . Shannon et al. (2004, cited in Griffin, 2006, p.139) also confirmed this result when they conducted a study in Vancouver, British Colombia, and found out that decriminalising of prostitution can significantly reduce HIV prevalence by minimising its spread. Despite all the evidence showing the benefits of legalising prostitution, the benefits have not attracted the attention of the legislators. . In addition, many have argued that idea of legalising prostitution is unattractive to voters and therefore to politicians. There is need to focus on presenting arguments that provide options to the intended audience on the need to legalise abortion, and that is where the model for persuasive communication will be necessary in the subsequent section of this paper. The Heuristic-Systematic Model of Social Information Processing The concept of persuasion is an important aspect to not only convincing the people to accept an idea but also to drive changes of mind towards the accomplishment of the idea. The Heuristic-Systematic Model (Chaiken Trope, 1999) recognises that people either use heuristics and short-cuts to decide on important issues, or use a systematic mechanism that processes the merits and demerits of an argument. The Heuristic approach suggests that the decision-maker asks questions such as of ‘how do I feel about this issue?’ despite the recognition that such questions can cause problems of understanding and choice, particularly when the person facing the decision dilemma mixes up the cause and the effect of their emotions. In other words, the Heuristic-Systematic Model recognises that in any argument there are a number of variables that are conceptually independent of the message quality and which are likely to influence people to act or agree with the proposed idea. Dillard Pfau (2002) state that that these variables are able to qualitatively differentiate information processing, and give people more room to negotiate with their thinking process. It is important to recognise that people rarely process information in perfect conditions, because there are often environmental and cognitive constraints that tend to either limit the broadness of reasoning or curtail information processing. In this line of thought, people tend to process information economically; investing only in cognitive efforts when they feel motivated enough with a number of cognitive resources. In the prostitution decriminalisation debate, this can be said to affect that the way people reason, that is, arguments are likely to be based on strong environmental and cognitive influences entrenched by history, personal interest or fear, religious and cultural convictions. For instance, some arguments have emerged that prostitution should remain illegal because legalising it will mean women of loose morals will increasingly tempt men of good morals to increasingly betray their families. This kind of argument tends to make out that women who engage in prostitution a re the villains. The other belief is that women who engage in prostitution should be protected from being hurt against: sexually transmitted diseases, unruly pimps, and exploitation. The other argument would only be based on religion and historical cultural practices that prohibits prostitution as a trade. The three lines of arguments are motivated by different lines of thought, which can fall in either heuristic or systematic message processing mechanism. Ironically, the arguments against prostitution which include the view that women of loose morals prey upon upstanding men of good morals and lead them to betray their families has been accepted in some countries such as Sweden, which in 1999, criminalised the buying of sex but allowed individuals to continue selling it (Dillard Pfau, 2002). Many proponents of this legislation argued that violence against prostituting in women is inherent, and that the best way was to reduce prostitution prevalence by limiting activities of the potential buyers. On the other hand, the State of Nevada, United States legalised prostitution to protect women from exploitation and abuse (Taleb, 2012). The Heuristic- Systematic model posits that people generally process persuasive information systematically only when they are fully motivated. When one is in a systematic mode, they tend to take into consideration all relevant pieces of information, elaborately analyse the information, and make a judgment based on the elaborated issues. However, whenever people are not adequately motivated or do not possess sufficient cognitive resources, they often resort to processing of information heuristically or superficially. People in a heuristic mode of thinking consider only a few or a single informational cue and come up a judgment based on the cues. Whilst decriminalising or legalising prostitution has attracted massive debate, its inability to pass the legislative hurdle or even attract attention of the political class has been overbearing for its proponents. In other words, legalising of sex trade has not been high amongst the priorities of many legislative agendas for many countries, including United Kingdom and United States (Taleb, 2012). The reason why the Heuristic- Systematic model can work towards pushing for the legalisation of prostitution is because of its dualism nature, which allows the message to reach different classes of people. The goal here is to get support for legislation that would see prostitution decriminalised, and protect the parties involved. . Expert advice backed by research findings are powerful tool to convince legislators, who may not take their time to scrutinise the quality of persuasive arguments, and mostly prefer quick fixes in making decisions. Packaging a message heuristically can allow the legislators to pick the cue, and avoid the difficult process of differentiating a strong and a weak message (Griffin, 2006). Reimer, et al (2004, p.81) observe that â€Å"people who expect to discuss a persuasion message later are more affected by the number of persuasive arguments but are never affected by the attractiveness of the communicator.† It is presumed that the importance of the message easily induce systematic processing of the message. By contrast, people who do not expect to discuss the message are often affected by how attractive the communicator is, and not affected by the number of persuasive arguments (Reimer, et al, 2004). Studies have proven that motivational variables affect the mode in which people process persuasive arguments. These variables include personal relevance of the message, importance of the task, attitude accountability and exposure to a person’s attitude (Chaiken Trope, 1999). On the other hand, there are cognitive resource variables that affect the mode of message processing, which includes distraction, repetition of the message, creating time pressure, and modality of communication, knowledge and expertise (Griffin, 2006). Although it is important to recognise these modes of communicating the message in terms of communicating the value of legalising prostitution, it should not appear as though there is any form of dissociation of the variables at the early stage of the group means (Griffin, 2006). Similarly, heuristically communicating the message should be able to have direct effects on the attitudes of the target group. In this aspect, when the people agree in a consensus t hat prostitution should be legalised, then it can be considered correct and valid for acceptance. An important factor which should be covered by any dual-process model is how the two processes interact or work together. Although one may argue that the two processes, heuristic and systematic are mutually exclusive or are competing concepts, in this case of legalising prostitution they should work together. The Heuristic-Systematic model posits that the two processes, heuristic and systematic, are indeed working simultaneously. Evidence of how these two processes can work is when arguments pitting two judgmental implications of both of them. For instance, an expert source delivering a message consisting of weak arguments can present a scenario where both systematic and heuristic processing of messages is done under different levels of motivation. It is also important to note that the heuristic-systematic model attenuates that wherever the two processes opposes each other, the implica tions the comes from systematic processing can â€Å"easily attenuate the impact of heuristic given that people are sufficiently motivated.† For example, Griffin, (2006).found out those highly motivated participants who were presented with consensus cue information that is inconsistent with the attributes singularly based their judgments on their own cognitive prowess in relation to the product attributes. This concept is applicable in the case of prostitution legalisation debate, in the sense that legislators can use their own cues and decide on the legislative agendas that will legalise commercial sex work. Section 3: Evaluation Proposal Evaluating heuristic- systematic model effectiveness is an important part of this model’s success towards ensuring the message to legalise prostitution is effectively passed. Effective communications needs evaluation, which helps to identify the impact of the efforts made in passing the message to the target audience. To effectively monitor the communication model, various tools shall be used in the process. Public opinion evaluation: Getting the opinions of the public as far as legalising prostitution is concerned is an important point to start from. Public opinion monitoring tool will be used to ask the public if they heard about the campaign to legalise prostitution from opinion leaders including legislators and non-governmental organisations. In addition, the questions will be directed to ask the public whether they agree with the manner in which legislators in support of the prostitution presented their messages or agreed with them in the context and reasons given by the leaders. For example, questions such as: Whose arguments made sense in the call to legalise prostitutionAnd whyThe questionnaire trackers will be recorded in terms of age, gender, work status, tenacity. The methodology to be used will remain consistent over time to allow for the tracking of metrics over time for comparison purposes. Evaluating media Evaluating the media response on how effective the proposed model will work, the formal process for evaluating the impact of the campaign in the media is to analyse whether it can be replicated and made part of regular campaign mechanism. Media Coverage Before Campaign (airtime/space) Coverage After Campaign (airtime/ space) % Increase in Coverage BBC National News BBC London ITV National News London Tonight Evening Standard Metro Radio 4 Times The table above will provide a guideline on how the media coverage has increased/ or decreased due to the campaign. This will be able to help bring depth to the understanding of our campaign, and if the media (both mainstream and tabloids) respond to increased debate. By monitoring how the media has changed the amount of airtime/ or newspaper coverage space in covering the legislative debates, it is possible to analyse the outcome of the campaign in ensuring the legislators continually discuss the possibility of decriminalising or legalising prostitution. The media monitoring will be conducted by assistants on everyday basis, and compiled in a weekly report for tracking if there is any change in trends. Each article or piece of broadcast coverage will be allocated points based on the following criteria: Positivity/negativity of the message (in favour of legalising prostitution): analysing the articles, opinions, newspaper columns and news coverage. Positivity/ negativity of the headlines: positive mentions of the campaign groups, legislators; and Neutrality of opinions reported Finally, a range of stories will be typically evaluated and compiled on a daily basis, and tabulated on a weekly basis. Classification of stories will ensure the campaign program can be understood in the manner in which the media responds to the legislative debates, which is likely to translate into public debate as well. References Albarracin, D., Johnson, B. T., Zanna, M. P. (2005). The handbook of attitudes. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers Chaiken, S., Trope, Y. (1999). Dual-process theories in social psychology. New York: Guilford Press. Dillard, J.P. Pfau, M. (2002). The persuasion Handbook: Developments in Theory and Practice. NY: Sage Publications. Griffin, E. A. (2006). A first look at communication theory (6th ed.). Boston, MA; McGraw Hill. Reimer, T., Mata, R Stoecklin, M. (2004). The use of Heuristics in Persuasion: Deriving Cues on Source Expertise from Argument Quality. In Current Research in Social Psychology, 10(6), 69-83. Taleb, N. (2012). Antifragile: Things That Gain from Disorder. New York: Random House. How to cite Legalising Prostitution: Debate, communication model and evaluation, Essay examples